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Khoja Akhmet Yassawi
Khoja Akhmed Yassawi ((アラビア語:خوجة أحمد)) ((ウズベク語:Xoja Ahmad Yasaviy); , , (トルコ語:Hoca Ahmet Yesevi or Ahmed ibn-i İbrâhim ibn-i İlyâs Yesevî) also spelled Ahmad Yasawi, Ahmet Yasevi, Ahmed Yesevi or Ata Yesevi) (born in Sayram in 1093, and died in 1166 in Hazrat-e Turkestan, both cities now in Kazakhstan), was a Turkic poet and Sufi (Muslim mystic), an early mystic who exerted a powerful influence on the development of mystical orders throughout the Turkic-speaking world. Yasavi is currently the earliest known Turkic poet who composed poetry in a Turkic dialect. Ahmed Yesevi was a pioneer of popular mysticism, founded the first Turkic Ṭarīqah ''(order),'' the Yasaviyya ''(Yeseviye),'' which very quickly spread over the Turkic-speaking areas.〔(I.Melikoff, 'Ahmad Yesevi and Turkic popular Islam', EJOS, VI (2003), No. 8, 1-9, ISSN 0928-6802 )〕 He was an Hanafi scholar like his murshid Abū Yāqub Yusūf Hamdānī.〔The Foundation of the Presidency of Religious Affairs, ''İslâm Ansiklopedisi'', vol. 3, p. 161, İstanbul, 1989.〕
==Background==
Yassawi was born to ''Shaykh Ibrahim.'' At age seven, when he was orphaned by the loss of his father, Yasawi was raised by another spiritual father, Arslan Baba. By age seven, Ahmad Yasawi had already advanced through a series of high spiritual stages and then, under the direction of Arslan Baba, the young Ahmad reached a high level of maturity and slowly began to win fame from every quarter. His father Shaikh Ibrahim had already been renowned in that region for performing countless feats and many legends were told of him. Consequently, it was recognized that, with respect to his lineage as well, this quiet and unassuming young boy, who always listened to his elder sister, held a spiritually important position.
''Ahmad Yassawi'' later moved to Bukhara and followed his studies with the well known Abū Yāqub Yusūf Hamdānī.〔Y. N. Öztürk: ''The Eye of the Heart'' (Redhouse Press Istanbul 1988), p.49〕 Upon the demise of Khawaja Yusūf Hamdānī, first `Abd Allah-i Barkī and then Shaykh Hassan-i Andākī became the head of the Yusūf Hamdānī's dervish lodge.〔 Khawaja Ahmad-ī Yassawī became the head murshid of Naqshbandiyyah Ṭarīqah when Shaykh Hassan-i Andākī died in 1160. He then turned this position to Abdul Khaliq Gajadwani as a consequence of Yusūf Hamdānī's previous advice and moved to Turkistan in order to spread Islam in Turkistan.〔
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